Code-Emphasis is a beginning reading instruction method that emphasises learning the correspondence between letters and sounds 
Discourse Structure is a Form into which communication is organized including narratives (stories) and exposition (expository text) 
Phonemes is a Small subset of speech sounds (phones) that are perceived as meaningful by speakers and listeners in a particular language 
Phonemic Awareness is a Ability to recognise phonemes as individual, separable speech sounds; this type of metalinguistic knowledge is critical to learning how to read 
Phonics is a Form of reading instruction in which letter/sound relationships are taught explicitly 
Pragmatics is a The meanings, messages, and uses of language 
Sight Word is a beginning reading instructional method that stresses the need for children to acquire a stock of familiar words they can recognize on sight 
Emergent Literacy is a Concept that reading is only one dimension of an array of language-related skills and a natural extension of children's knowledge about language to the print medium 
Expository Text is a Written discourse organized around abstractions about a topic or body of information; textbooks, essays, and persuasive arguments are common examples of expository text 
Morpheme is a Sound or combination of sounds that is a minimal unit of meaning in a language; words may be made up of one or more morphemes 
Morphology is a Set of principles that describe how sounds are combined into words in a given language 
Narrative is a Form of discourse that is structured by a temporal sequence of events; a "story" 
Phones is a Range of vocalizations of which humans are capable; the 'raw material" of spoken languages 
Syntax is a Ways words in a language are grouped into larger units, such as phrases, clauses, and sentences 
Discourse is a Structured, coherent sequence language in which sentences are combined into higher order units, such as paragraphs, narratives, and expository texts; conversations and extended sequences of writing are examples of discourse